（2008-02-14）
● 于泽远(北京)
美国著名导演司匹堡曾两度给胡锦涛写信，呼吁中国对苏丹政府施压，停止暴力镇压达尔富尔地区的叛乱，让联合国维和部队进驻该地。他昨天在声明中说，他现在不能把时间和精力放在北京奥运会的开闭幕式上，而要全力帮助结束达尔富尔地区的暴行。
美国著名导演司匹堡（Steven Spielberg，斯皮尔伯格）昨天宣布辞去北京奥运会艺术顾问职务，原因是中国没有尽力制止发生在苏丹达尔富尔的暴行。包括八名诺贝尔和平奖在内的一批国际知名人士近日也在一封给中国国家主席胡锦涛的信件上签名，敦促中国发扬奥运理念，为达尔富尔地区达成公正和平作出贡献。
司匹堡在一份声明中说：“苏丹政府对于正在发生的暴行负有大部分责任，但是国际社会，特别是中国应该做出更多努力，结束达尔富尔地区的苦难。”
以导演《辛德勒名单》、《拯救大兵瑞恩》等大片而闻名世界的司匹堡此前曾两度给胡锦涛写信，呼吁中国对苏丹政府施压，停止暴力镇压达尔富尔地区的叛乱，让联合国维和部队进驻该地。他昨天在声明中说，他现在不能把时间和精力放在北京奥运会的开闭幕式上，而要全力帮助结束达尔富尔地区的暴行。
北京奥组委一名不愿公开姓名的工作人员对本报说，北京奥组委于2006年7月向司匹堡颁发聘书，请他做北京奥运会艺术顾问，司匹堡当时很愉快地接受了聘任。但去年5月以来司匹堡借口苏丹问题一直没有与北京奥组委正式签约，他也基本没有参与奥运会的开闭幕式的创作，辞职应该不会对开闭幕式有大的影响。
八名签署信件的诺贝尔和平奖得主包括卡洛斯·贝洛主教（Bishop Carlos Belo）、图图大主教（Archbishop Desmond Tutu）等。而写信的发起人是好莱坞影星、联合国儿童基金会亲善大使米亚·法罗（Mia Farrow）。
中国在苏丹的石油项目投资已经达到150亿美元（213亿新元），7%的石油进口来自苏丹。苏丹石油合作项目是中石油公司在海外最大的合作项目。
一些西方政界人士和人权组织认为，中国是苏丹石油最大的进口国，并向苏丹政府出口大量军火，是苏丹政府最有力的支持者，中国有能力发挥更大的作用解决达尔富尔地区的人道主义危机。美国和欧洲国家的一些国会议员曾倡议国际社会利用奥运会给中国施压，让中国更加积极地推动达尔富尔问题的解决。
中国外交部发言人曾数次反驳有关人士和组织在达尔富尔问题上对中国的指责，强调中国在达尔富尔问题上发挥了建设性的作用。
对苏丹问题 中国民众所知甚少
中国民众对苏丹问题知之甚少，也不明白为什么中国要对这个非洲国家的内战负这么大的责任。中国人民大学一名对国际时事比较关心的博士研究生对本报说，他在新闻中常听到达尔富尔的名字，但确实不清楚那里的局势和中国有多大关系，甚至有人要为此抵制北京奥运会：“真是莫名其妙。”
中国人民大学国际关系学院的一名学者说，司匹堡将北京奥运会同苏丹问题联系起来过于牵强，西方政客和人权组织在苏丹问题上对中国的指责恐怕不仅是为了达尔富尔的暴行，也是要遏制中国在非洲的影响。
不过这名学者指出，司匹堡和一些诺贝尔和平奖得主借达尔富尔问题给北京奥运会施压应该引起中国官方的重视。不管这种施压是对是错，官方应该拿出诚意与有关方面沟通，争取国际社会的理解。
什么是达尔富尔问题？
达尔富尔地区位于苏丹西部，面积50多万平方公里，人口600多万。达尔富尔地区居住着包括阿拉伯人、富尔人和黑人等80多个部族。近年来，随着达尔富尔地区石油等矿产资源不断被开发，部族之间为争夺资源的斗争日趋激烈，一些邻国也以各种形式卷入其中。
2003年2月后，达尔富尔地区黑人居民先后组成“苏丹解放军”、“正义与平等运动”等多支武装力量，以政府未能保护土著黑人的权益为由，要求实行地区自治，并攻城略地，与政府军作战。政府军与反政府武装的冲突至今造成1万多人丧生，100多万人流离失所。西方人权组织认为，过去4年的冲突已造成20万人丧生，200多万人逃离家园。
为促成达尔富尔冲突各方和平解决问题，联合国先后通过5个决议，并于去年7月决定向达尔富尔地区派遣大约2万6000人的联合国和非盟混合维和部队。2007年10月，苏丹政府和达尔富尔7个反政府派别参加的达尔富尔问题和平谈判在利比亚举行。苏丹官方27日宣布，苏丹政府从即日起在达尔富尔地区实施单方面停火，以便为和谈营造合适的氛围。
2007年11月，中国赴达尔富尔维和部队先遣分队的140名官兵抵达南达尔富尔州首府尼亚拉，成为联合国第一支进驻该地区的维和部队。
2007年12月31日，非盟驻苏丹达尔富尔维和部队在北达尔富尔州首府法希尔向联合国和非盟混合维和部队正式移交维和任务。
http://zaobao.com/zg/zg080214_501.shtml
Showing posts with label Darfur 达尔富尔. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Darfur 达尔富尔. Show all posts
Wednesday, February 13, 2008
Spielberg in Darfur snub to China
US film director Steven Spielberg has withdrawn as an artistic adviser for the 2008 Olympics in Beijing.
In a statement, he accused China of not doing enough to pressure Sudan to end the "continuing human suffering" in the troubled western Darfur region.
At least 200,000 people have been killed and two million forced from their homes in the five-year conflict.
Beijing has not yet responded to the move, which correspondents say is its first big setback in staging the Games.
A source in the Beijing Olympic Committee said a response was being discussed at the highest levels but had not yet been made public.
But the BBC's James Reynolds in Beijing says the decision will anger and worry the authorities there.
Since Beijing won the right to host the Games it has always tried to keep China's politics and China's Olympics separate, he says, and it has attacked anyone who has tried to link the two.
Boycott call
Mr Spielberg, who had been brought in as artistic adviser for the opening and closing ceremonies of the Games, said the cause of Darfur was more important than his role.
"I find that my conscience will not allow me to continue business as usual," he said in a statement.
"At this point, my time and energy must be spent not on Olympic ceremonies, but on doing all I can to help bring an end to the unspeakable crimes against humanity that continue to be committed in Darfur."
OLYMPICS ROW
Famous names involved in advising the Olympics include director Zhang Yimou and Kung Fu star Jackie Chan
Hollywood stars Mia Farrow and George Clooney have criticised China over Darfur
Architect Ai Weiwei, who designed the main Olympic stadium, says the Games are a "public relations sham"
He added: "Sudan's government bears the bulk of the responsibility for these on-going crimes, but the international community, and particularly China, should be doing more."
Rebel groups in Darfur said this was exactly the kind of pressure that was needed to get Beijing to change its policy towards the Sudanese government.
"This is a noble move by Spielberg," Sudan Liberation Movement (SLM) leader Abdul Wahid Mohammad Ahmed al-Nur told the Sudan Tribune newspaper.
"He will certainly go down in history as someone who gave human lives precedence over fame and money."
Ahmed Abdel Shafi, who leads an SLM splinter group, told the BBC: "I commend him for his strong position. This is a lesson to the rest of the world that people should distance themselves from China."
The real question is why the Olympics were awarded to China in the first place
Vladi, California
Another group, the Justice and Equality Movement, has appealed to countries sending teams to boycott the games.
The International Olympic Committee said the decision was a personal one made by Mr Spielberg.
"The IOC recognise Darfur is a highly complex issue, with tragic circumstances, but is a matter for the UN to resolve," the committee said in a statement.
'Desperate time'
Sudan, with its vast oil reserves, sells some two-thirds of its oil to Beijing.
In turn, Beijing sells weapons to the Sudanese government and has defended Khartoum in the UN Security Council.
As a result, China has been criticised for its links with a government ostracised by many for its role in the ongoing crisis in Darfur.
Earlier on Tuesday, as part of a "Global Day of Action" focusing on Darfur, an open letter signed by Nobel Peace Prize laureates and former Olympians was sent to China's president.
Actress Mia Farrow, who signed the letter and had pressed Mr Spielberg to end his involvement, said his decision sent out the right signal to the Chinese government.
She said: "I'm delighted by his decision and it's a desperate time for Darfur, so this is a shred of good news in a very bleak week."
Story from BBC NEWS:
http://news.bbc.co.uk/go/pr/fr/-/2/hi/asia-pacific/7242016.stm
Published: 2008/02/13 11:47:52 GMT
© BBC MMVIII
In a statement, he accused China of not doing enough to pressure Sudan to end the "continuing human suffering" in the troubled western Darfur region.
At least 200,000 people have been killed and two million forced from their homes in the five-year conflict.
Beijing has not yet responded to the move, which correspondents say is its first big setback in staging the Games.
A source in the Beijing Olympic Committee said a response was being discussed at the highest levels but had not yet been made public.
But the BBC's James Reynolds in Beijing says the decision will anger and worry the authorities there.
Since Beijing won the right to host the Games it has always tried to keep China's politics and China's Olympics separate, he says, and it has attacked anyone who has tried to link the two.
Boycott call
Mr Spielberg, who had been brought in as artistic adviser for the opening and closing ceremonies of the Games, said the cause of Darfur was more important than his role.
"I find that my conscience will not allow me to continue business as usual," he said in a statement.
"At this point, my time and energy must be spent not on Olympic ceremonies, but on doing all I can to help bring an end to the unspeakable crimes against humanity that continue to be committed in Darfur."
OLYMPICS ROW
Famous names involved in advising the Olympics include director Zhang Yimou and Kung Fu star Jackie Chan
Hollywood stars Mia Farrow and George Clooney have criticised China over Darfur
Architect Ai Weiwei, who designed the main Olympic stadium, says the Games are a "public relations sham"
He added: "Sudan's government bears the bulk of the responsibility for these on-going crimes, but the international community, and particularly China, should be doing more."
Rebel groups in Darfur said this was exactly the kind of pressure that was needed to get Beijing to change its policy towards the Sudanese government.
"This is a noble move by Spielberg," Sudan Liberation Movement (SLM) leader Abdul Wahid Mohammad Ahmed al-Nur told the Sudan Tribune newspaper.
"He will certainly go down in history as someone who gave human lives precedence over fame and money."
Ahmed Abdel Shafi, who leads an SLM splinter group, told the BBC: "I commend him for his strong position. This is a lesson to the rest of the world that people should distance themselves from China."
The real question is why the Olympics were awarded to China in the first place
Vladi, California
Another group, the Justice and Equality Movement, has appealed to countries sending teams to boycott the games.
The International Olympic Committee said the decision was a personal one made by Mr Spielberg.
"The IOC recognise Darfur is a highly complex issue, with tragic circumstances, but is a matter for the UN to resolve," the committee said in a statement.
'Desperate time'
Sudan, with its vast oil reserves, sells some two-thirds of its oil to Beijing.
In turn, Beijing sells weapons to the Sudanese government and has defended Khartoum in the UN Security Council.
As a result, China has been criticised for its links with a government ostracised by many for its role in the ongoing crisis in Darfur.
Earlier on Tuesday, as part of a "Global Day of Action" focusing on Darfur, an open letter signed by Nobel Peace Prize laureates and former Olympians was sent to China's president.
Actress Mia Farrow, who signed the letter and had pressed Mr Spielberg to end his involvement, said his decision sent out the right signal to the Chinese government.
She said: "I'm delighted by his decision and it's a desperate time for Darfur, so this is a shred of good news in a very bleak week."
Story from BBC NEWS:
http://news.bbc.co.uk/go/pr/fr/-/2/hi/asia-pacific/7242016.stm
Published: 2008/02/13 11:47:52 GMT
© BBC MMVIII
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